Atomic Mass (Da): Relative Isotopic Mass:: Neutron Number (N) 38: Atomic Number (Z) 30: Mass Number (A) 68: Nucleon Number (A) 68: Proton Number (Z) 30: Half-life: Stable: Spin: 0: Quadrupole Moment: 0: g-factor (g value) 0: Group: 12: Period: 4: Electron Configuration Block: d: Melting Point (K) 692.68: Boiling Point (K) 1180: Specific Heat: 0.387: Heat of Formation: 130.4. In 77 participants with natural colds, a combination of zinc gluconate nasal spray and zinc orotate lozenges (37 mg zinc every 2–3 wakeful hours) was also found to have no effect on the number of asymptomatic patients after 7 days of treatment.
Element Zinc - Zn
Comprehensive data on the chemical element Zinc is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Zinc. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In addition technical terms are linked to their definitions and the menu contains links to related articles that are a great aid in one's studies.
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Overview of Zinc
- Atomic Number: 30
- Group: 12
- Period: 4
- Series: Transition Metals
Zinc's Name in Other Languages
- Latin: Zincum
- Czech: Zinek
- Croatian: Cink
- French: Zinc
- German: Zink - r
- Italian: Zinco
- Norwegian: Sink
- Portuguese: Zinco
- Russian: Цинк
- Spanish: Zinc
- Swedish: Zink
Atomic Structure of Zinc
- Atomic Radius: 1.53Å
- Atomic Volume: 9.2cm3/mol
- Covalent Radius: 1.25Å
- Cross Section (Thermal Neutron Capture) σa/barns: 1.11
- Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
- Electron Configuration:
- 1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d10 4s2
- Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,2
- Shell Model
- Shell Model
- Ionic Radius: 0.74Å
- Filling Orbital: 3d10
- Number of Electrons (with no charge): 30
- Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 35
- Number of Protons: 30
- Oxidation States: 2
- Valence Electrons: 4s2
- Electron Dot Model
- Electron Dot Model
Chemical Properties of Zinc
- Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.22g/amp-hr
- Electron Work Function: 4.33eV
- Electronegativity: 1.65 (Pauling); 1.66 (Allrod Rochow)
- Heat of Fusion: 7.322kJ/mol
- Incompatibilities:
- Ionization Potential
- First: 9.394
- Second: 17.964
- Third: 39.722
- Valence Electron Potential (-eV): 38.9
Physical Properties of Zinc
- Atomic Mass Average: 65.39
- Boiling Point: 1180K 907°C 1665°F
- Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion/K-1: 25E-6
- Conductivity
- Electrical: 0.166 106/cm Ω
Thermal: 1.16 W/cmK
- Electrical: 0.166 106/cm Ω
- Density: 7.13g/cc @ 300K
- Description:
- Hard, brittle, shiny bluish-white transition metal.
- Elastic Modulus:
- Bulk: 69.4/GPa
- Rigidity: 41.9/GPa
- Youngs: 104.5/GPa
- Enthalpy of Atomization: 129.7 kJ/mole @ 25°C
- Enthalpy of Fusion: 7.32 kJ/mole
- Enthalpy of Vaporization: 115.5 kJ/mole
- Flammablity Class:
- Freezing Point:see melting point
- Hardness Scale
- Brinell: 412 MN m-2
- Mohs: 2.5
- Heat of Vaporization: 115.3kJ/mol
- Melting Point: 692.88K 419.73°C 787.51°F
- Molar Volume: 9.16 cm3/mole
- Optical Reflectivity: 80%
- Optical Refractive Index: 1.00205
- Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
- Specific Heat: 0.39J/gK
- Vapor Pressure = 19.2Pa@419.73°C
Regulatory / Health
- CAS Number
- 7440-66-6
- OSHAPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
- No limits set by OSHA
- OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
- No limits set by OSHA
- NIOSHRecommended Exposure Limit (REL)
- No limits set by NIOSH
- Levels In Humans:
Note: this data represents naturally occuring levels of elements in the typical human, it DOES NOT represent recommended daily allowances.- Blood/mg dm-3: 7
- Bone/p.p.m: 75-170
- Liver/p.p.m: 240
- Muscle/p.p.m: 240
- Daily Dietary Intake: 5-40 mg
- Total Mass In Avg. 70kg human: 2.3 g
- Discovery Year: Unknown
- Name Origin:
- German: zink (German for tin).
- Abundance of Zinc:
- Earth's Crust/p.p.m.: 75
- Seawater/p.p.m.:
- Atlantic Suface: 0.00005
- Atlantic Deep: 0.0001
- Pacific Surface: 0.00005
- Pacific Deep: 0.00052
- Atmosphere/p.p.m.: N/A
- Sun (Relative to H=1E12): 28200
- Sources of Zinc:
- Found in the minerals zinc blende (sphalerite) (ZnS), calamine, franklinite, smithsonite (ZnCO3), willemite, and zincite (ZnO). Annual world wide production is around 5,020,000 tons. Primary mining areas are USA, Canada, Australia, Austria, Russia and Turkey.
- Uses of Zinc:
- Used to coat other metals (galvanizing) to protect them from rusting. Used in alloys such as brass, bronze, nickel. Also in solder, cosmetics and pigments.
- Additional Notes:
- Many sources of European origins credit Andreas Marggraf with discovering zink in 1746, however, it had been know in India and China since before the 1500s.
Zinc Menu
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References
A list of reference sources used to compile the data provided on our periodic table of elements can be found on the main periodic table page.
Related Resources
- Anatomy of the Atom
Answers many questions regarding the structure of atoms. - Molarity, Molality and Normality
Introduces stoichiometry and explains the differences between molarity, molality and normality. - Molar Mass Calculations and Javascript Calculator
Molar mass calculations are explained and there is a JavaScript calculator to aid calculations. - Chemical Database
This database focuses on the most common chemical compounds used in the home and industry.
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Kenneth Barbalace. Periodic Table of Elements - Zinc - Zn. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2021. Accessed on-line: 4/25/2021
https://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Zn.html
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Zinc Mass Number 30
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| Isotope | Atomic mass (Da) | Isotopic abundance (amount fraction) |
|---|---|---|
| 64Zn | 63.929 142(5) | 0.4917(75) |
| 66Zn | 65.926 034(5) | 0.2773(98) |
| 67Zn | 66.927 127(5) | 0.0404(16) |
| 68Zn | 67.924 844(5) | 0.1845(63) |
| 70Zn | 69.925 32(2) | 0.0061(10) |
In 1961, the Commission recommended Ar(Zn) = 65.37 based on the chemical determinations. Meanwhile,mass-spectrometric determinations yielded a higher value of Ar(Zn) = 65.387.
In 1971, coulometric determinations yielded Ar(Zn) = 65.377(3), whereupon the Commission changed the recommendedvalue to 65.38(1). Soon, another mass-spectrometric value was published which yielded Ar(Zn) = 65.396(5). Faced with this ongoing discrepancy between chemical and physical values, in 1983 the Commission recommended Ar(Zn) = 65.39(2), explaining that the value was now weighted toward the mass-spectrometric measurement, but the uncertainty included the coulometric measurement. In 2001, Ar(Zn) was changed to 65.409(4) and in 2007 the Commission acknowledged that data influencing the 2001 decision could no longer be supported and recommended the current value of Ar(Zn) = 65.38(2). This change was unique in the sense that for the first time in the history of the Commission, the standard atomic weight (with its uncertainty) was outside the bounds of the previous value.
CIAAW
Zinc Atomic Mass Number
Zinc
Ar(Zn) = 65.38(2) since 2007
The name derives from the German zink of unknown origin. It was first used in prehistoric times, whereits compounds were used for healing wounds and sore eyes and for making brass. Zinc was recognized asa metal as early as 1374.
Isotopic reference materials of zinc.